水击计算在优化设计中的应用

Applied hydraulic surge calculation in chemical engineering design

介绍了水击理论的发展与现状,使用儒可夫斯基公式(Joukowski Equation)、阿列维图表(Allievi Chart)等计算方法对水击事故进行了分析。通过计算,得出事故的直接原因是错误操作导致的数百吨力的瞬时冲击;同时反推出该阀门安全关闭时间的下限,并对于全装置开关阀进行了水击核算,优化了设计方案,提升了装置整体安全水平。文中定量分析了阀门动作时间、上游管线长度和管道内液体流速等因素对于水击冲击力的影响,为水击的预防提供了支持。

The history and development of hydraulic surge theory were investigated. Joukowski Equation and Allievi Chart were introduced to calculate the surge force of a certain case. The result shows that the main cause of the incident, a force of hundreds tons generated by critical misoperation. And the calculation also shows the minimal requirement for valve closure time. To eliminate potential hazards of hydraulic surge, all the on-off valves in the plant were checked and calculated. Based on these, a quantified analysis was brought out to help engineers to make a quick estimation of the hydraulic surge and to improve their design.