利用振动时效控制铸件尺寸稳定性和残余应力的试验研究

Study on Dimensional Stability and Residual Stress Control of Casting by Vibratory Stress Relief

为了降低铸件变形和残余应力等缺陷对其使用寿命和结构强度的影响,利用振动时效对所设计的45铸钢结构件进行处理,并采用三坐标测量仪对铸件尺寸的4个时间段变化量进行测量,使用钻孔法测量了其残余应力。结果表明,振动时效处理后,平面度变化量平均降低了50.8%,角度变化量平均降低了58.4%,圆柱度变化量平均降低了66.9%,残余应力平均降低了42.5%,明显的提高了铸件尺寸的稳定性和降低了其残余应力。

In order to reduce the effect of casting deformation and residual stressuse on service life and structural strength,the 45 steel casting was treated by vibratory stress relief（VSR）. The casting dimensional change was measured for four periods by the three coordinate measuring instrument, and the residual stress was measured by the hole drilling method.The results show that flatness variation is reduced by an average of 50.8% and angle variation is reduced by an average of 58.4% and cylindricity variation is reduced by an average of 66.9%, residual stress is reduced by an average of 42.5% after vibratory stress relief. Dimensional stability is clearly improved and its residual stress is obviously reduced.