重庆三叶草主要病害发生规律研究

Research on occurrence patterns of clover diseases in Chongqing

随着重庆三叶草种植面积的不断扩大,三叶草病害日益凸显,不仅严重影响草坪绿地的美观,还大大降低了牧草的品质和产量,给畜牧业带来了巨大经济损失。为了解重庆三叶草病害发生情况,本实验采用对角线调查法对重庆地区的三叶草病害种类、严重度及发生规律进行了研究。研究结果显示:在重庆地区共发现三叶草典型病害8种,根据其发病程度依次为壳多孢叶斑病、镰刀菌叶斑病、交链孢叶斑病、4种待定叶部病害和菌核病;壳多孢叶斑病为万州试验点常发病害,镰刀菌叶斑病在万州、南川均有发生,但均为偶发病害;交链孢叶斑病和4种待定叶部病害仅在南川发生,且均为偶发病害。壳多孢叶斑病在万州常年发病,且在6月和11月发病较为严重,应及时予以防治。

With the continuous area expansion of clover planting in Chongqing area, plant disease has become prominent increasingly. It not only affects the turf appearance seriously, but also reduces the quality and yield of forage greatly, and then brings huge economic los- ses to the livestock industry. In order to understand the occurrence of the clover disease in Chongqing area, the pathogen characteristic, plant disease severity and occurrence regularity of clover diseases in Chongqing were studied by diagonal investigation method. The results showed that： there were 8 typical clover diseases in Chongqing area. According to the disease severity from serious to lighter, there were Stagonospora. spp , Fusarium. spp, Alternaria. spp, four undetermined leaf diseases and Sclerotinia. triforliorum in turn; S. spp occurs fre- quently in Wanzhou area, F. spp occurs occasionally in Wanzhou and Nanchuan area, A. spp and four undetermined leaf diseases occurs oc- casionally only in Nanchuan area. S. spp leaf spot disease occurs perennially in Wanzhou area, plant disease incidence and disease index were more serious in June and November, and control measures should be adopted in time.