儿童乳磨牙金属预成冠的修复治疗

Restoration of preformed metal crown on dental caries of primary molars

乳牙龋病是儿童常见的口腔疾病之一。第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查结果显示,中国儿童乳牙存在患龋率高、就诊率低下的现状。由于儿童乳牙解剖形态及组织结构特点、儿童饮食特点等原因,导致儿童乳牙龋具有区别于恒牙龋的特殊临床表现,且可对继承恒牙、儿童生长发育及心理等产生不良影响。目前,针对乳牙龋的治疗主要采用药物治疗和修复治疗,修复治疗是最重要的治疗方法,其中对于较大面积的乳磨牙龋损,临床上多选择金属预成冠的修复治疗。本文从金属预成冠的背景、适应证、临床操作步骤及相关研究等方面,就儿童乳磨牙的金属预成冠修复治疗进行阐述。

Dental caries of primary teeth is a common childhood oral disease. The third national oral health epidemiological investigation revealed a high prevalence of caries and low consultation rates in primary teeth of Chinese children. Based on the typical morphological anatomy and structural characteristics of primary teeth, children＇s caries are caused by unhealthy dietary habits and other relevant factors. Moreover, dental caries of primary teeth show more specific clinical manifestations compared with those of permanent teeth, thereby possibly affecting the succedaneous permanent teeth, growth, and development of children and even physiological health. In contemporary dentistry, primary teeth dental caries are mainly treated with drugs, restorative treatment, or both; whereas clinical operators prefer restorative treatment as the main treatment method. Preformed metal crowns, a subclass of restorative treatment, are typically preferred for extensive carious lesions of primary teeth in clinical practice. This article reviews the available information regarding preformed metal crown restorative treatment of primary tooth dental caries, including its background, clinical indications, clinical pathway, and related studies.