新中国少数民族电影的发展轨迹及发展对策

Trajectory and Approaches of the Development of the Ethnic Minority Film in New China

少数民族电影是新中国电影史上有丰富历史积淀的电影准类型,一直受到来自政府与社会的关注。新中国少数民族电影的发展历程可分为1949年-1976年,1977年-2000年,2001年以后等三个时期,每个时期都有自己的创作背景、文化表述特征、主题与题材类型、产业规模等。但新世纪以来少数民族电影在社会文化转型的背景中,出现了商业体制壁垒、地域发展不平衡、主题类型单一、文化表述落后于时代等一系列发展中的问题。因此,应适度保持其"公益性"和"文化例外性",吸引全能中心北京更多的影人介入到其创作中来,从人类学、社会学、民族政策研究、乡村建设等方面进行其新的主题和意义的阐释,进一步弘扬少数民族文化的知识传统,吸取当代少数民族电影的文化经验,以促其发展。

Ethnic minority film is a quasi -genre of film which is embodied with rich historical resources in the film history of new China. It is always concerned by both the government and the society. The history of the ethnic minority film in new China period can be divided into three stages： 1949 - 1976, 1977 -2000 and 2001 afterwards. Every stage has its creation background, cultural interpretative characteristics, theme and types of topics and, industrial scale. However, a series of problems of the ethnic minority films in the background of social and cultural transformation are noticed in the new century, such as the commercial regime barrier, imbalanced regional development, repetitive themes and types and, the cultural interpretation lacking behind the time. Therefore, the public welfare and culture exclusivity should be maintained modestly, more film producers in Beijing should be attracted in the creation and interpretations of new themes and meanings should be done in the perspectives of anthropology, sociology, studies of ethnic policy and countryside construction. In addition, it is needed to promote the traditional knowledge of ethnic minorities, and to draw from the cultural experiences of current ethnic minority film so as to advance it.