几种表面诱捕器在仓储稻谷害虫发生初期的检测效果比较

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DETECTION EFFECT OF SEVERAL SURFACE TRAPS IN BULK PADDY AT THE BEGINNING OF PESTS DEVELOPMENT

分别采用信息素诱捕器、波纹板诱捕器、探管诱捕器和人工取样过筛方法,在夏季害虫发生初期跟踪监测了高大平房仓散存稻谷粮堆表面的害虫发生情况。结果表明:诱捕器检测可以比人工取样过筛检查早1个月以上发现害虫,插入粮堆表面下的探管诱捕器只可以诱捕到麦蛾成虫,波纹板诱捕器可以诱捕到麦蛾、玉米象和锈赤扁谷盗,信息素诱捕器可以诱捕到麦蛾和锈赤扁谷盗(但未包括玉米象)。在麦蛾、玉米象等都有发生的情况下,人工取样检查要晚1月后才发现少量书虱和锈赤扁谷盗。诱捕器监测粮堆表面害虫表现出了发现害虫早、数量多、种类多的优势。

Monitoring stored-product pests in the high temperature areas of bulk grain surfaces timely at summer was helpful to the earlier finding and controlling of insects as well as avoiding damage caused by population development. Surface pheromone trap, corrugated paper-plate trap, probe trap and sample sieving were used in the monitoring insect that moved on the top or surface of paddy bulk s in a large warehouse durirg early summer. The results showed that the surface pheromone trap can trap top number of three adults of Sitotroga cerealella （Olivier） for one trap in three day＇s interval during first 15days from May 5th rather than the sample sieving method in which Liposcelis decolor （Pearman） was found after 40 days and Cryptolestes ferrugineus （Stephens） be done after 46 days. And pheromone trap can trap 0 to 10 adults of S. cerealella per 3days in the later 50 d. The corrugated paper-plate trap can trap 3 adults of S. cerealella and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky in one trap per 3days after 20day＇s monitoring. And then 2 to 5 adults of S. cerealella, 0 to 3 adults of S. zeamais and 5 adults of C. ferrugineus mostly were captured by corrugated paper-plate trap in the later 35d in one trap per 3d. The probe trap can trap 2 adults of S. cerealella in each trap per 3days in last 15days and then 4 to 16 adults of S. cerealella in each trap per 3d in the later 50d. The results indicated that the tested traps can find the insect on the surface of grain bulk a month earlier than the sample sieving method in stored-product insect monitoring. The probe traps under grain surfaces could trap S. cerealella adults only. The corrugated paper-plate traps could trap S. cerealella, S. zeamais and C. ferrugineus. And the pheromone trap could trap S. cerealella, C. ferrugineus except for S. zeamais. Sample sieving method could find Liposcelididae and C. ferrugineus one month later when the S. cerealella and S. zeamais existed in the bulk grain. Therefore, trap monitoring insect on surface of bulk grain had some advantages such as earlier, more adults and more species.