锯切破坏人体骨骼痕迹检验方法的模拟研究

Simulation Study on the Identification Method of Sawing Human Skeleton Trace

人体骨骼具有支撑身体的作用,由矿物质化的组织构成,其内部是坚硬的蜂巢状立体结构,它具有一般承痕体的稳定性和反映性,在现场容易保留,尤其是在碎尸案件中通常会在骨骼上留有稳定的痕迹,这也是破案的重要线索。本文使用4种不同规格的锯,对动物股骨骨骼进行切割,以模拟碎尸案件切割人体骨骼的留痕,并对骨骼表面所留切割痕迹进行了研究。结果表明:从骨骼分离的痕迹特征,可得出锯割工具锯齿大小和锯齿间距的关系公式;将锯割分离骨骼组织结合,依据整体结合后断口间隙的大小,可得出与所用切割锯的锯板厚度之间关系;锯断面的表面粗糙度可反映切割锯的锯齿大小及间距。

The human skeleton which is made up of mineralized tissues has the function of supporting body. Its interior structure is a solid honeycomb and has the stability which can reflect the general bearing marks. The cases of dismembered body are the major cases of great harm, severe social influence and high difficulty of detection. The stable trace of bone left in the dismembered case is usually important clue. In this paper, we use four specifications saw to simulate how a saw could cut through bones and study the trace on it. The results showed that the characteristics of saw tool marks retained on bone tissues can be used to outline the shape and angle of a saw. According to the combined separating bone tissue, the relationship to the thickness of the saw plate is obtained. Surface roughness of the cutting section can reflect the tooth spacing of the saw.