B族链球菌相关疫苗的研究进展

Research progress on group B Streptococcal vaccines

B族链球菌(GBS)属革兰阳性链球菌,是引起新生儿败血症和脑膜炎的重要致病菌。目前针对GBS采取的主要治疗措施是围生期抗菌药物预防(IAP),可以有效预防早发型GBS疾病(GBS-EOD),但晚发型GBS疾病(GBS-LOD)发生率依然较高。而且随着近年抗菌药物的大量使用,GBS耐药率逐渐增高。因此,GBS疫苗为预防新生儿GBS感染提供了新的方法和途径,特别是荚膜多糖-蛋白结合疫苗,目前已经完成Ⅰ、Ⅱ期临床试验,并且保护性抗体水平的研究已经成为近年来研究的热点。笔者拟对GBS相关疫苗的研究进展进行综述,旨在为GBS疫苗的进一步研制提供参考。

Group B Streptococcal （GBS）, a gram-positive Streptococcus, is one of the important pathogenic bacteria which can causes neonatal sepsis and meningitis. The main measure of GBS is intrapartum antibiotics prevention （IAP）, which plays an important role in early-onset GBS disease （GBS-EOD）, but remains a high infection rates in late-onset GBS disease（GBS-LOD）. What＇s more, with the extensive use of antimicrobial drugs, the GBS drug resistance rate increased gradually. So that GBS vaccines provide a new method to prevent neonatal GBS infection, especially the capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccine, the phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ clinical trials have been completed, and the protective antibody levels has been researching. This research will focus on the research progress on GBS vaccines in order to provide reference for further development of GBS vaccines.