冷战兴起原因试析——兼议多因素综合作用论

An Analysis on the Causes of the Cold War: On the View of Multi-factor Joint Influence

20世纪是人类历史上的多事之秋,先后两次大规模、超大规模的世界性战争,让生于其上的生灵饱受战火苦难,长达四十余年的"冷战",让分隔"两地"[1]的亲人尝尽人间辛酸。冷战是二战的异化与延续,也是对二战的反思及其实践。言其"冷",是因尚无大规模的战争,说其"战",是基于不同意识形态和两大势力之间的敌对与紧张。二战的硝烟令陷于其间的国家对战争望而却步,各种势力都在试图寻找一条消弭争战之新路,主要国家也据自己的设想而践行。就某种程度而言,冷战,即是各国消弭战争的设想与实践。本文仅就冷战兴起前的世界大势,略谈其兴起的原因。

The 20th century is an eventful period with a large scale world war and an extra-large scale world war, bringing miseries to people at that time. During the century, the over 40 years of Cold War separated families. The Cold War is the alienation and continuation World War Ⅱ, as well as the reflection and practice of World War Ⅱ. It is ＂cold＂ because there was no large scale war during this period, but it is a ＂war＂ because of the antagonism and tension between two great powers with different ideologies. To a certain extent, the Cold War is a practice of different powers to eliminate wars. This paper mainly discusses the causes of the Cold War from the perspective of the two great powers before it.