过度医疗中侵害患者参与治疗权责任研究

Study on the Tort Liability of Patients Participate Right in Excessive Medical Treatment

医疗实践中,医患关系物化现象日趋严重,过度医疗侵权行为普遍存在。我国《侵权责任法》第63条已从法律层面将过度医疗确认为一种特殊的医疗侵权行为,但该规定的内容明显过于笼统和简单,在司法实践中的可操作性不强。同时该规定也未对患者的参与治疗权予以释明,而恰恰在该类特殊侵权行为中,医疗机构及其医务人员又在医疗诊治的不同阶段以不同的方式在不同程度上侵害了患者应享有的参与治疗权,致使患者遭受人身、财产权益或精神损害。通过比较过度医疗与侵害患者参与治疗权两种侵权行为间的竞合关系,探讨了患者行使参与治疗权的理论基础、构成要件及现实意义。

In medical practice,doctor-patient relationship is serious materialized,and excessive medical tort widespread.China＇s ＂ Tort Liability Act,＂ article 63 recognized the overtreatment as a special medical tort from the legal aspects,but the content of the provision is too general and simple,the operability is not strong in the judicial practice.Meanwhile,the provisions of interpretation also do not involve in the treatment of the patient＇s right.Medical institutions and medical personnel encroach the special tort of the patients at different stages of the medical diagnosis and treatment in different ways with different degrees,resulting in the patient suffered personal and property interests or mental damage.From the comparison against the competing right relationship between excessive medical and patient participation in the treatment,this paper discussed the theoretical basis,key component and practical significance of the patient exercising their right to participate in treatment.