社区居民压力管理技术的自助化研究

The Self-help of Community Stress Management Techniques

回顾了近5年的文献,比较分析不同取向的心理干预技术的操作方法,并将复杂难懂的理论方法进行自助化的改进。如认知取向的认知疗法、合理情绪疗法、心理支持疗法的自助化,可以通过对自身的自动性思维进行及时记录和纠正,准确识别不合理信念,努力获得身边家人朋友的支持等方式加以实现。行为取向的压力管理技术也可通过借助伴奏带中的指导语、生活伙伴之间的帮助或只依靠自己,即可实现认知行为疗法、渐进性肌肉放松、音乐放松、冥想和自我催眠法的自助式使用。随着各种压力管理技术的整合和自助化,各种取向的心理学技术将更加广泛地推广开来,成为疏解社区居民心理压力的有效工具,切实提高社区居民的心理健康水平。

This article reviews the past five years＇ studies and compares methods of many techniques of different orientations,and translates the complicated theoretical into self-help methods.Self-support of the techniques＇ methods at cognitive orientation like cognitive behavior therapy,rational emotive therapy,psychological supporting therapy can come true by recording and correcting automatic thoughts in time,identifying irrational beliefs definitely,and gaining families＇ and friends＇ around favor.Self-help of the techniques＇ methods at behavioral orientation like cognitive behavior therapy,progressive muscle relaxation,music relaxation,meditation and self hypnosis,can also come true by means of instruction in instrumentals,helping from life partners or self-reliance.With the integration and the selfhelp of all kinds of stress management techniques,all kinds of psychological techniques at different orientation will be used more widely,so that they can become effective tools to ease community residents＇ stress and improve the level of mental health of community residents.