0～3岁儿童看护人构成特征及儿童保健认知调查分析

Investigation on Structure Feature and Child Care Cognition of Caregivers of Children Aged 0 to 3

目的了解3岁以下儿童看护人儿童保健认知情况,为制定儿童保健相关健康教育方案提供参考依据。方法针对2014年8—12月安徽省妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊的0~3岁儿童,基于自行设计的问卷调查表,对其看护人进行面对面调查,了解看护人儿童保健认知情况及相关知识获取途径,并进行描述性统计分析。结果共调查512名儿童看护人,其中父母164名,爷爷奶奶或外公外婆229名,保姆或其他人119人。儿童看护人对预防接种时间、定期体检、辅食添加时间等的知晓率相对较高,但对儿童贫血和儿童维生素D缺乏等常见病的表现知晓率较低。儿童保健知识的获取途径中,父母以网络为主,其他看护人以家人、亲戚或朋友为主,通过医疗机构获取儿童保健知识的偏低。结论 0~3岁儿童看护人儿童保健认知水平尚有待提高。医疗机构应加大宣传力度,提高儿童保健知识的普及率。

Objectives To understand child care cognition of caregivers of children aged 0to 3,in order to provide reference for developing health education program about child care.Methods We recruited children aged 0to 3from Anhui women and child health care hospital from August to December 2014 and conducted face to face interview to their caregivers based on self-designed questionnaires to investigate child care cognitive situation and the way of acquiring related knowledge.Descriptive statistical analysis was use.Results Totally we interviewed 512 child caregivers,including 164 parents,229grandparents,and 119 nannies or other people.Thecaregivers＇ awareness rates of next time of vaccination,regular physical examination,and the time of adding supplementary food were relatively high,while the awareness rates of common child diseases,such as child anemia and vitamin D deficiency,were low.In the aspect the way of acquiring child care knowledge,most was network for parents and family members,relatives or friends for other caregivers.The number of caregivers,who acquired child care knowledge through medical institutions,was small.Conclusions The child care cognitive level of caregivers of children aged 0to 3should be improved.Medical institutions should strengthen propaganda to improve the awareness rate of child care knowledge.