作为理解人性和世界方式的情感:复杂性与局限性——基于马克思早期诗作的解读

Emotion as a Medium to Understand Humanity and the World:Complexity and Limitation——An Interpretation of Poems of Young Marx

马克思主义并不拒斥、更不否定情感和爱,而是将其纳入了一个更宽广的历史视野、更复杂的解释空间和更具体的社会环境之中。在达到这种认识之前,马克思通过文学作品既展示了他对情感和爱的珍视和向往,也生发出更多的矛盾和困惑,诸如:为什么父母之爱会带来痛苦?为什么渴望爱的人却会陷入无爱之中?为什么权倾一时的人也无法掌控情感?自然界与社会怎样制约和促进情感?等等,这促使马克思进行深刻的自我反思,认识到情感作为一种理解世界、把握人性的方式确实有其复杂性、必要性,但更有其局限性,而超越这种局限需要一种更为客观、理性、全面、深入和总体性的思维方式——哲学。

Marxism does not deny or negate emotion and love, but put them in a much broader field of historical vision, so that it has a much more complicated space of interpretation and a much more concrete social environment. Before reaching this depth, Karl Marx showed his cherishment and confusion of emotion and love in his early literature work. Such as, why does the love of parents cause pains？ Why does the people who wants to be loved has no love？ Why does the people with mighty power cannot conquer emotion？ How does nature and society constraint or promote love？ Marx was impelled to reflect on the complexity, necessity and limitation of emotion as a medium to understand humanity and the world by these questions. To transcend emotion, Marx had to grasp a much more objective, rational and comprehensive thinking mode, that is philosophy.