从宗教批判到社会批判——鲍威尔对“犹太人问题”的解答及其对马克思的影响

From the Critique of Religion to the Critique of Civil Society——Bruno Bauer'answer to the Jewish Question and its influence on Marx

马克思的新哲学并不仅仅是德国思想传统的一个"他者",而是其孕育的结果。布鲁诺·鲍威尔扮演了重要的教育者、论战对手和传递桥梁的角色。马克思和鲍威尔围绕"犹太人问题"争论的同时,鲍威尔在宗教统治与利益斗争的关系、批判现代法权和个体自由的实现路径等议题上对马克思产生了深刻的影响。

Marx＇new Philosophy is not merely an＂Other＂to the intellectual tradition of Germany, but a necessary outcome fostered by it. As Marx＇supervisor, Bruno Bauer played very important roles as an educator, an equal antagonist, and a very important bridge between Marx and the Germany intellectual tradition. When they argued fiercely on the＂Jewish question＂, Bruno Bauer influenced Marx deeply on the topic of the dominion of religion and the struggle on material interest, the critique of modern rights, and the realization of individual freedom.