宗教信仰对集体行动参与的影响及其机制——基于CGSS 2010数据的实证分析

Religious Belief and Collective Action Participation:An Empirical Study Based on CGSS2010 Data

现有研究对宗教信仰与集体行动参与之间的关系存在着争议。宗教信仰是否会促进个体的集体行动参与?如果是的话,背后的机制是什么?本文基于CGSS 2010的调查数据,从经验上估计了宗教信仰对集体行动参与的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,宗教信仰倾向对集体行动参与没有显著的影响,而宗教信仰行为对集体行动参与则有显著正向影响。也就是说,仅仅具有宗教信仰但不参与宗教活动并不会对集体行动参与产生显著的影响,而基于宗教信仰的宗教活动参与则会促进集体行动参与。分别对城市与农村两个样本进行验证,宗教信仰行为对集体行动参与的影响仍然不变。进一步的分析证实了宗教信仰行为影响集体行动参与程度的剥夺效应,但未能证实动员效应、赋能效应和信任效应。研究结果表明,宗教信仰行为之所以对集体行动参与存在着显著的正向影响,可能在于宗教信仰有助于强化信仰者的被剥夺感知,从而通过剥夺效应的渠道促进了集体行动参与程度。

The existing literature on the relationship between religious beliefs and collection action is controversial.Can religious beliefs lead to more active participation of individuals in collective action？ If so,what are the mechanisms behind them？ Based on a large sample survey data of Chinese General Social Survey 2010（ CGSS2010）,this paper quantitatively studies the impact that citizens＇ religious beliefs exert on their collection action participation. Results show that, citizens ＇ objective religious behavior has a significant positive influence on their collection action participation across urban and rural China,while subjective religious orientation is of no importance. In other words,mere religious beliefs without participation in religious activities don＇t have a significant impact on the participation of collective action. However,the more frequent participation of religious believers in religious activities,the more active participation of them in collective action. Further analysis confirms that it is the deprivation effect that makes religious beliefs influence collective action participation,but not the mobilization effect,empowerment effect and trust effect.The results show that there is a significant positive effect of religious beliefs on collective action participation. One possible reason is that religious beliefs help to strengthen the deprived perception of believers and thus promote the participation of collective action through deprivation effect.