“小山”吟望“塞下秋”——读词小札二题

The Distant between the “Fortress in Autumn” and “Small Mountains”:On the Two Styles of Ci Poetry

唐宋词大体可分为艳婉词与庄重词二大类,前者如温庭筠的《菩萨蛮》等,后者如范仲淹的《渔家傲》等。艳婉词大多抒写日常情事,不必要也不可能逐词考证求解,而可以文学的想象力去领悟,如温词"小山重叠金明灭"句中之"小山";有些庄重词如范仲淹的《渔家傲》确乎关系重大,则必须以考证之助才能准确地理解其背景和意蕴,否则泛泛读过,反会错失其中寄托、误解其中滋味。

Ci poetry in the Tang and Song Dynasties can be roughly divided into two categories,that is,ci poetry with a grateful and restrained style( for instance,WEN Ting-yun's Pusaman) and that with a solemn and grave style( for instance,FAN Zhong-yan's Yujia'ao). The former category,which is usually about daily life and emotions,should be appreciated with literary imagination rather than be examined word by word through textual research. A good example is the expression of 'small mountains'in WEN Ting-yun's verse of'small mountains are overlapping while the sunshine is flickering'. However,some poems with a solemn and grave style,such as FAN Zhong-yan's Yujia'ao,are related to significant issues of that time,so that we should study word by word through textual research to exactly grasp their backgrounds and implications,which are not open to a quick reading.