潘氏细胞及其抗微生物肽与肠道黏膜免疫

Paneth cells, antimicrobial peptides, and intestinal mucosal immunity

潘氏细胞(Paneth cells,PCs)及其抗微生物肽(antimicrobial peptides,AMPs)与肠道微生物的生态学失衡、肠道炎症、全身感染等病理状况的发生密切相关.肠黏膜屏障与固有免疫功能的损害,常伴随着机体a-防御素等AMPs水平及其他炎症介质水平的改变.研究发现:PCs能在胆碱能兴奋剂、微生物及其抗原成分、肠内营养状态、遗传易感因素等因素的作用下,改变其本身的功能状态及效应分子的释放,诱发炎症性肠病、细菌移位、肠内细菌过度生长、自身免疫耐受损害等疾病及相关改变,对PCs的研究给临床治疗提供了新的靶点和策略.本文对近十年来人们对PCs、AMPs和肠道黏膜屏障及固有免疫之间关系的研究进展作一述评.

Paneth cells（PCs） and their antimicrobial peptides（AMPs） are closely related to the ecological unbalance of gut microbiota,intestinal inflammation,and systemic infections.The dysfunction of intestinal mucosal barrier and innate immunity is always accompanied with changes in the levels of AMPs,for example,alpha-defensins and other inflammatory mediators produced by PCs.Studies show that PCs can alter their functional status and release effector molecules under some conditions such as cholinergic agonists,microorganisms and their antigens,enteral nutrition,and genetic susceptibility.Therefore,these conditions can induce inflammatory bowel disease,bacterial translocation,overgrowth of gut microbe,and damage to immune tolerance.The research on PCs can provide new targets and strategies for clinical treatment of the relevant diseases.In this paper,we discuss the relationship of PCs and their AMPs with intestinal mucosal barrier and innate immunity.