资本、权力与村庄空间形态的变迁——基于苏南A村的分析

On Capital, Power and Village Spatial Pattern Changes: Based Village A in Southern Jiangsu Province

文章基于对江苏省南部A村近三十年空间形态变迁的分析,探讨村庄空间形态变迁的动力机制。研究表明,村办企业的发展与村庄空间形态变迁紧密相关,而其变迁方向又受到土地资本化与权力科层化的双重影响。一方面村办企业扩大规模和效益的动力与上级政府推动的土地资本化相契合,使得村庄空间形态呈现功能分化;另一方面在权力科层化的作用下,村庄的住房形态以官僚和企业利益考虑为主,而忽视了普通村民的空间权利。文章对村庄空间形态变迁中企业的作用进行了分析,有助于从资本—权力互动的角度解释村庄空间形态的变迁。

In this paper,we derive an overall motivation mechanism of the changes in village spatial patterns from our case study of Village A in southern Jiangsu Province with its 30 years' dynamic changes. We found out that the development of village- owned enterprise was closely related to changes in the village's spatial pattern,and the direction of them were also influenced by both capitalization and power stratification. On the one hand,the motive behind the enlarging scale and improving efficiency of village- run enterpriseswere coordinated with the land capitalization policy promoted by the government,and it caused the functional differentiation of the village spatial pattern. On the other hand,affected by power bureaucratization,the benefits of bureaucrats and entrepreneurs rather than the normal villagers are the most important factors to be considered at the cost of the spatial right of common villagers. The analysis on the motivation of enterprise in this paper could contribute to explaining the changes of village's spatial pattern from the perspective of capital- power interaction.