新兵职业倦怠和工作满意度对生命质量的影响

Effects of job burnout and work satisfaction on the quality of life about army recruits

目的 了解陆军某部队新人伍青年军人在新兵训练期的生命质量,并分析职业倦怠和工作满意度对生命质量的影响.方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取新疆陆军某部队2014年度625名新入伍青年军人作为调查对象,生命质量由中文版SF-36量表（short-form health survey scale）进行评定,职业倦怠采用中文版工作倦怠量表（Maslach burnout inventory general survey,MBI-GS）进行评定,工作满意度用明尼苏达满意度量表（Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire,MSQ）进行评定.结果 597名新入伍青年军人生理内容综合测量得分为（85.93±12.62）分,心理内容综合测量得分为（81.10±14.12）分.按不同人口信息学特征,吸烟组生理机能得分低于非吸烟组（t=2.009,P＜0.05）,生理职能得分低于非吸烟组（t=2.617,P＜0.05）,生理内容综合测量得分低于非吸烟组（t=2.141,P＜0.05）,差异有统计学意义.除健康变化外,情绪耗竭、玩世不恭与SF-36量表的其他条目呈负相关（r=-0.344～-0.661,P＜0.01）.个人成就感降低与SF-36量表的精力（r=-0.204,P＜0.05）、情感职能（r=-0.239,P＜0.05）、精神健康（r=-0.289,P＜0.05）和心理内容综合测量（r=-0.276,P＜0.05）呈负相关.工作满意度与生命质量所有项目呈正相关（r=0.243～0.635,P＜0.01）.回归分析的结果表明,情绪耗竭（β=-4.732,P＜0.01）、明尼苏达外部满意度（β=0.783,P＜0.01）对生理内容综合测量的影响有统计学意义.情绪耗竭（β=-6.534,P＜0.01）、家庭所在地（β=-5.319,P＜0.05）、明尼苏达外部满意度（β=0.813,P＜0.01）对心理内容综合测量的影响有统计学意义.结论 该陆军部队新人伍青年军人职业倦怠和工作满意度对生命质量有影响,更高的职业倦怠程度意味着更低的生命质量,职业倦怠尤其对心理健康的影响更为显著,更高的工作满意度意味着更好的生命质量.

Objective To investigate the quality of life of army recruits in their basic military training period,and to analyze the influence of job burnout and work satisfaction on their quality of life.Methods A total of 625 recruits enrolled in 2014 of Xinjiang Army troop were chosen as subjects in this study by stratified cluster random sampling.Quality of life was assessed by Chinese version SF-36（Short-Form Health Survey Scale）,job burnout was assessed by Chinese version Maslach Burnout inventory general survey （MBI-GS） and work satisfaction was assessed by Chinese version Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire （MSQ）.Results The scores of PCS and MCS about 597 recruits were （85.93±12.62） and （81.10±14.12） respectively.According to demographic characteristics,the score of physiological function was lower than that of non-smoking group （t=2.009,P〈0.05）,the score of role physical was lower than that of non-smoking group （t=2.617,P〈0.05）,and the score of PCS was lower than that of non-smoking group （t=2.141,P〈0.05）.As to except reported health transition,there were negative correlations between emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and other SF-36 scales （r=-0.344～-0.661,P〈0.01） respectively.There were negative correlations between personal accomplishment and vitality （r=-0.204,P〈0.05）,role emotional （r=-0.239,P〈0.05）,mental health （r=-0.289,P〈0.05） and MCS （r=-0.276,P〈0.05） respectively.Work satisfaction and quality of life was positively correlated （r=0.243～0.635,P〈0.01）.As to the independent variable,regression analysis showed that emotional exhaustion （β=-4.732,P〈0.01）,Minnesota external satisfaction （β=0.783,P〈0.01） influenced PCS,the difference was statistically significant.Emotional exhaustion（β=-6.534,P〈0.01）,pre-enlistment place of residence （β=-5.319,P〈 0.05）,Minnesota external satisfaction （β=0.813,P〈0.01）influenced MCS,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Job burnout and work satisfaction influence the quality of life about the army recruits,the more job burnout signify the lower quality of life,and its influence on mental health is more significant.The higher work satisfaction signify the higher quality of life.