关于飞机结冰的多重安全边界问题

Multiple safety boundaries protection on aircraft icing

边界保护是保障飞机安全性的重要方面,对目前国内外飞机结冰安全边界问题的研究现状及进展进行了综述,对飞机结冰致灾物理链路的影响因素及规律进行了分析,指出目前从飞行力学角度出发的安全边界尚未全面考虑飞机结冰致灾复杂物理现象的相关因素,并提出了飞机结冰多重安全边界的概念,将飞机结冰的安全边界分为气象边界、冰形边界和飞行安全边界。结合相应的物理规律和实际应用,按照飞机结冰导致性能恶化的影响程度、飞行操纵影响程度等对边界又进行了多重属性划分。进一步梳理了多重安全边界研究需解决的主要关键问题,提出了下一步的相关研究方向,可为飞机设计、适航认证、飞行操纵、航路规划、分级优化保护等方面的应用提供支撑和参考。

Boundary protection is very important to guarantee the safety of aircraft.Current research on boundary protection based on flight dynamics does not take into consideration of all the factors of aircraft disaster by ice.In this paper,the current research status and progress of aircraft icing safety are reviewed.The influencing factors of disaster by ice and the laws are analyzed.The concept of multiple safety boundaries of iced aircraft is presented.Safety boundary in aircraft icing is divided into three types：boundary of weather,boundary of ice shape and boundary of flight performance.According to different factors such as the degree of deterioration of flight performance and the impact of flight control,each boundary is further divided into a number of boundaries.Some key problems of research on multiple safety boundary protection in aircraft icing are further analyzed to obtain some directions for further relevant research.This study can provide some reference for the applications of aircraft design,airworthiness certification,flight control,route planning,and optimization of protection rating.