基于强震动记录的地震生命损失快速评估方法

Rapid evaluation method of life loss in earthquakes based on strong ground motion records

随着我国强震动观测数据数量和质量的大幅提高,破坏性地震发生后所观测到的强震动记录也在试验性地转化为仪器烈度数据.本文将强震动记录引入应急性的生命损失快速评估,借助已有的地震应急灾害损失快速评估模型的表达方法,提出了一种将仪器烈度概率密度函数和生命损失函数相结合的地震人员伤亡快速评估方法.通过确定仪器烈度的概率密度,并结合四川地区已有房屋建筑易损性研究成果,建立了考虑建筑地震易损性并与烈度相关的地震生命损失快速评估函数,并利用汶川地震的强震动记录对本文提出的生命损失快速评估方法进行评估计算.结果表明,该方法的计算结果与实际震害损失结果颇为一致,说明了该方法的可行性,因而能够及时为地震应急救援提供可靠信息.

With strong earthquake observation data improved greatly in quantity and quality in China, strong ground motion records after the destructive earthquake have been converted tentatively into the instrumental intensity. With the help of strong ground motion records and the expression method of rapid evaluation model for earthquake damage and losses, this paper proposed a rapid evaluation method of earthquake casualty, which combines the probability density of instrumental intensity with the life loss function. By the probability density of the instrumental intensity, combined with the research results of the building vulnerability in Siehuan region, a rapid evaluation function of seismic life loss and seismic damage related to the earthquake intensity is established. Finally, the Wenchuan earthquake strong ground motion records have been evaluated, and the results by the rapid assessment method in this paper were consistent with the actual seismic damages, which proves the feasibility of the method. Therefore the rapid assessment method can provide reliable information quickly for earthquake emergency rescue.