宁波“小白礁Ⅰ号”清代沉船部分构件木材树种的补充鉴定

Supplementary identification of wood species from the Qing Dynasty shipwreck Xiaobaijiao Ⅰ in Ningbo

为丰富和完善浙江宁波出水的清代"小白礁Ⅰ号"沉船船体所用木材的资料,通过与国内外类似案例的比较,分析"小白礁Ⅰ号"沉船的用材特点,利用植物解剖和光学显微技术,对后续出水的"小白礁Ⅰ号"沉船木材种类进行了补充鉴定。结果显示,除了前期调查发现的木材种类外,该船的构件中还有榄仁(Terminalia sp.)和五瓣子楝树(Decaspermum parviflorum)两种木材。这两种木材在国内同类文物的鉴定中尚未发现过,因此对这两种树木的分布和种属问题做了简要的说明。

This paper describes the identification of woods from the Qing Dynasty shipwreck, Xiaobaijiao Ⅰ in Ningbo, Zhejiang, based on plant anatomy and optical microspectroscopy. Published information on related subjects were collected and the characteristics of the wood were also analyzed. It is found that in addition to the earlier iden- tified wood species, two new wood species Terminalia sp. and Decaspermum parviflorum, that had been used in construction of the ship. These two species of woods had not been reported in similar shipwrecks. The distribution and the classification of these species are described briefly in the paper.