梅毒检验的假阴性与假阳性临床原因探讨

Discussion on the clinical reasons of false- negative and false- positive syphilis test results

目的:研究梅毒检验的假阴性与假阳性出现的原因及解决对策,为临床诊断研究提供依据。方法:选取2014年2月至2016年2月在我院进行梅毒检查者1500例,其中受试者共28例结果出现假阴性或假阳性,分析患者梅毒检验者假阴性与假阳性出现的原因,并提出相应的解决对策。结果:1500份标本中,28例检验结果出错,出错率为1.9%。其中,13例假阳性,15例假阴性,两种错误的发生率比较差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。13例假阳性中原因相对较多,排在前三位的分别为:标准品因素、病理因素、实验室操作因素,分别占30.8%、23.1%和23.1%;15例假阴性患者中其原因排在前三位的分别为:标准品因素、试剂因素和实验室操作因素,分别占:33.3%、20.0%和20.0%。结论:梅毒检验的假阴性与假阳性出现的原因较多,应基于临床检验目的与需求加强对标本进行质量控制,提高临床确诊率。

Objectives： To study the reasons of false- negative and false- positive syphilis test results and its solutions,in order to provide basis for clinical practice. Methods： Among the 1500 patients conducted syphilis test from February 2014 to February 2016,28 ones had false- negative and false- positive syphilis test results. The reasons and corresponding solutions were analyzed to propose appropriate countermeasures. Results： Among the1500 specimens,28 ones were with wrong test results,an error rate of 1. 87%. Among them,there were 13 false-positive and 15 false- negative results,without statistically significant difference（ P 〉0. 05）. Main reasons of 13false- positive results included standard factors,pathological factors and laboratory operational factors,accounting for 30. 8% 、23. 1% 、23. 1% respectively. Main reasons of 15 false- negative test results were the standard factors,operational factors and laboratory reagents factor, accounting for 33. 3% 、20. 0% 、20. 0% respectively.Conclusion： The reasons of false- negative and false- positive syphilis test results are many so the quality of specimen should be controlled based on clinical examination purposes and needs to improve the clinical diagnosis accuracy.