护理风险预警监控对精神科患者噎食的预防效果

The preventive effect of early warning and monitoring on nursing risk of choking in psychiatric patients

目的探讨风险预警监控对精神科患者噎食的预防效果。方法 50例精神病患者随机分为研究组和对照组,各25例。对照组接受常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上采用护理风险预警监控干预。采用自制调查问卷对患者及其家属饮食安全知晓度进行调查,记录患者噎食发生情况和2组患者责任护士的急救处理情况。结果研究组患者饮食安全知晓率72.00%(18/25),高于对照组的36.00%(9/25),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者发生2例呛咳,1例噎食;对照组患者发生3例呛咳,3例噎食。研究组责任护士从发现到抢救时间、平均抢救时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论风险预警监控对降低精神科患者噎食发生风险、缩短噎食急救处理时间具有积极意义。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of early warning and monitoring on nursing risk of choking in psychiatric patients. Methods A total of 50 psychiatric patients were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,with 25 cases in each group. Both twogroups received routine nursing care during hospital stay. The early warning and monitoring on nursing risk of choking was carried out in the study group. The awareness of feeding safety in patients and their relatives was investigated by self-made questionnaires. The incidence of feeding-related choking and cough was recorded,and the emergent treatment provided by nurses was evaluated. Results Patients in the study group had higher awareness rate of feeding safety compared with those in the control group（ 72. 00% vs. 36. 00%,P〈0. 05）. There were 2 cases of feeding-related cough and 1 case of chocking observed in the study group,and 3 cases of feeding-related cough and 3 cases of chocking observed in the control group. The duration from observation to taking rescue and averaged rescue time were shorter in the study group than that in the control group,with significant differences（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Early warning and monitoring is potentially effective to reduce the risk of choking and related rescue time in psychiatric patients.