新生儿静脉输注钙剂外渗预防措施探讨

Nursing measures to prevent extravasation in newborns with intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate

目的探讨新生儿静脉输注钙剂时预防外渗的护理措施。方法将110例静脉输注葡萄糖酸钙的新生儿分为对照组52和实验组58例。对照组采用常规静脉输液流程输注葡萄糖酸钙,实验组采用基于文献和临床实践制定的新生儿静脉输注葡萄糖酸钙护理规范。观察2组患儿静脉补钙过程中钙剂外渗和局部钙化灶发生率。结果对照组钙剂外渗发生率为7.70%(4/52),局部钙化灶发生率为13.45%(7/52);实验组未发生钙剂外渗,局部钙化灶发生率为1.72%(1/58)。实验组患儿静脉输注葡萄糖酸钙局部钙化灶发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施新生儿静脉输注葡萄糖酸钙的护理规范,能有效地预防钙剂外渗导致的损伤。

Objective To summarize the nursing measures to prevent extravasation in newborns with intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate. Methods A total of 110 infant babies with intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate were assigned to the control group（ n = 52） and the study group（ n = 58）. The control group received routing nursing care during intravenous infusion treatment,while the improved nursing standards based on clinical practice and evidence was used to guide the nursing management in the study group. The incidence of extravasation and focal calcified spot were observed and compared between twogroups. Results The incidence of extravasation and focal calcified spot was 7. 70%（ 4 /52） and 13. 45%（ 7 /52） in the control group,and the incidence of focal calcified spot was 1. 72%（ 1 /58） in the study group,with a significant difference（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The nursing standards on intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate can effectively prevent extravasation and related injured in newborns.