美国大学创业课程建设的经验与启示

Experience and Enlightenment of Entrepreneurship Curriculum Construction in American Universities

创业课程是高校创业教育的主要载体。美国的创业教育开展早,已经形成较为完备的高校创业教育课程体系。当前美国大学创业课程建设具有针对性、实用性强的课程目标体系,广泛、系统的课程内容,丰富多样的课程组织形式,理论与实践相结合的课程实施方略,高水平专业化的创业课程师资,专门化的课程管理机构等特征。其课程建设经验对我国高校创业课程发展有重要意义。我国高校应强化创业课程建构意识,明确创业课程目标;健全高校创业课程体系;采用多样化的创业课程实施策略;形成专兼职相结合的双师型创业教师队伍;充分发挥大学创业教育中心的课程功能。

Entrepreneurship curriculum is the main part of entrepreneurship education in universities. America is among the first to develop its entrepreneurship education and it has formed a relatively complete system of entrepreneurship curriculum. Currently, the construction of entrepreneurship curriculum in American universities enjoys several features： the curriculum goal system is both pertinent and practice-oriented; the curriculum content is rich and systematic; the organizational form of curriculum is diversified; the curriculum implementation strategy combines theory with practice; teachers of the entrepreneurship curriculum is of high level and professional; the entrepreneurship curriculum management organization is specialized. American experience of constructing its entrepreneurship curricu- lum provides reference for China. China＇s universities should put the following into action in order to better construct its entrepreneurship education： strengthening the awareness of entrepreneurship curriculum construction and defining the targets; improving the curriculum system and adopting diversified strategies; combining part-time teachers with full-time teachers to build the teaching team; and giving full play to the function of entrepreneurship centers in universities.