竞争舆论与“向导”青年:中共早期党报宣传策略的转折——以《向导》与《努力》的论争为视点

Competing Public Opinion and "Guide" Youth: Early Transition of the Communist Party of China Party Newspaper Publicity Strategies

中共早期党报宣传策略有一形成过程。从"一大"前后注重马克思主义理论传播走向国民革命的舆论动员,中央政治机关报《向导》创刊及宣传策略为关键转折点。面对军阀政治造成的多元政治力量竞争之语境,《向导》初期宣传策略侧重与《努力》周报等的舆论竞争,从而将"继续民主革命"主张以针对具体"问题"的时事评论方式融入20年代初政治议程之中。这一策略形成与中共"二大"前后迫切需要从秘密宣传"小团体"走向公开活动的政党,以及早期党报动员对象——知识青年,共产国际宣传指示等密切相关。透过分析《向导》创刊前后与《努力》的舆论竞争、互动的个案,可见中共早期党报宣传策略形成之缘起、论辩策略及政治意图。

The communist party of China in the early party newspaper publicity strategy has a considerable forming process. From 'a' before and after the notice to the marxist theory of communication to mobilize public opinion toward the national revolution, the central committee of the communist party of China political mouthpiece 'wizard' founded and propaganda strategy is a critical turning point. In the face of the warlord politics have multiple political power competition of context, 'guide' propaganda of public opinion, such as 'hard' weekly on competition, which will 'continue to democratic revolution' advocated by specific 'problem' way of commentary in the early 20 s political agenda. This strategy formation and the communist party of China( ' two ' before and after the urgent need from secret propaganda ' clique ' to public activities of political parties, and the object of party newspaper early mobilization, educated youth, the communist international propaganda instructions such as closely related. Founded through the analysis of the 'wizard' and 'hard' before and after the competition of public opinion, interactive, a classic case of early party newspaper of the communist party of China political propaganda strategy is forming cause, debate strategy and its political agenda.