儿科病房患儿抗生素相关性腹泻79例临床观察

Clinical Observation of 79 Cases of Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea in Pediatric Ward

目的对儿科病房79例患儿抗生素相关性腹泻(Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea,AAD)临床观察。方法分析使用抗生素的患儿共1 340例,其中共有79例患者发生AAD作为AAD组,未发生AAD的最为对照组。分析AAD组内的抗生素使用情况,并对两组患儿的基本情况进行比较。结果在AAD组,引起AAD最常见抗生素种类为青霉素类、头抱菌素类、大环内酯类,其中美洛西林舒巴坦最高(17.7%),其次是美洛西林(15.2%)、头抱哌酮舒巴坦(13.9%)、及阿奇霉素(13.9%);AAD的发生与性别无关(P>0.05),但是低龄患儿、体重较轻的而患儿、抗生素联用的患儿、抗生素使用时间较长的患儿更容易出现ADD(P<0.05)并且导致重要脏器损害和住院时间延长(P<0.05)。结论儿科病房临床上应科学合理使用抗生素避免AAD的发生。

Objective To the pediatric ward of 79 cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea（ Antibiotic Associated,Diarrhea,AAD） clinical observation. Methods A retrospective analysis of the use of antibiotics in our hospital patients,a total of 1 340 cases,including 79 cases of AAD patients as AAD group and non AAD group. The analysis of the usage of in the AAD group of antibiotics,and the basic situation of two groups of children were compared. Results In AAD group,AAD caused by the most common antibiotics for penicillins,cephalosporins,macrolides,mezlocillin and sulbactam in the highest（ 17. 7%）, followed by mezlocillin（ 15. 2%）, head with cefoperazone sulbactam（ 13. 9%）,and azithromycin（ 13. 9%）; AAD has nothing to do with sex（ P〉0. 05）,but the young children,lighter weight and with a combination of antibiotics in children,children with the use of antibiotics for longer periods of time are more likely to have ADD（ P〈0. 05） and guide To the important organ damage and the length of stay（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusions The pediatric ward should be scientific and rational use of antibiotics to prevent the occurrence of AAD.