口蹄疫病毒3C蛋白酶结构与功能及应用研究进展

Advance in Structure,Function and Application of 3C Protease of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus

口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)3C蛋白酶是FMDV基因组编码中具有酶学活性的病毒产物之一,在FMDV编码蛋白的成熟和子代病毒在宿主细胞体内大量扩增中发挥着重要作用。3C蛋白酶能剪切多聚蛋白,降解特定的蛋白质,是宿主细胞中重要的毒力因子。3C蛋白酶能调控蛋白的转录和翻译,使宿主细胞内的干扰素等多种抗病毒基因低水平表达,使FMDV逃避宿主的天然免疫。论文主要综述了FMDV 3C蛋白酶的结构、生物学功能,并介绍了其在研制新型疫苗中的应用,以期为今后FMDV 3C蛋白酶的研究、新型疫苗的研发提供参考。

Foot-and-mouth disease virus（FMDV）3C protease encoded in the genome is one of viral products with enzymatic activities,and plays important roles in FMDV protein maturation and progeny virus proliferation in the host cells.3C protease can be a major virulence factor of FMDV,which is a key factor for the degradation of specific proteins in the host cell and the protein degradation by the virus.It can regulate the transcription and translation of the host cell protein,resulting in a low level of expression of a variety of anti viral genes,including interferon,thus evading the host＇s innate immunity.This review summarized the research progress of the structure,biological function and their application prospect of FMDV 3C protease in order to provide references for the research of FMDV 3C protease and development of new vaccine in the future.