论乔治·奥威尔小说中的怀旧情结

The research on nostalgia writing in George Orwell's novels

英国作家乔治·奥威尔在其著作《动物农庄》和《一九八四》中表现出对未来极权社会的巨大恐惧和对人类被独裁奴役命运的深深忧虑,因此,奥威尔的小说似乎总是放眼未来、预言未来的。然而,纵观奥威尔的小说世界,可以发现他在小说中,对人类未来表现出极大关注的同时,也处处流露出对美好旧世界的无限缅怀,即怀旧情结。奥威尔以自己对生态乌托邦的积极建构、对童年回忆叙事的青睐和对田园世界的眷念与向往来完成自己的文学怀旧之旅,折射出怀旧者背后的"文学怀旧"传统和"向后看"的民族心理。怀旧与前瞻相辅并存,共同完成了奥威尔作为一位人道主义作家的政治体察与历史审视,对奥威尔小说中怀旧情结的研究有助于全面、客观地了解这一伟大作家,把握他时代良心的脉搏。

The great British writer George Orwell expressed his deep concern and anxiety about the arri-val of totalitarian society and peopled being enslaved by dictatorial government in the future in his master-pieces Animal Farm and 1984. Therefore, it seems that Orwell is a future-oriented writer, focusing on fu-ture in his writing. However, through a comprehensive reading of his novels, it can be discovered that a-part from his great concern over people’s future life,Orwell also presents strong nostalgic feelings for the good old past. His nostalgia writing is undertaken through the following ways： active appeal for establis-hing ecological utopia, wide use of childhood recollecting narration and strong yearns for a pastoral or pic-turesque world. OrwelPs nostalgia writing carries on the great literary tradition of nostalgia and reflects a “looking back” psychological tendency of the British nation. Looking-backward and looking-forward, combined together, help to express OrwelPs concern over politics and history as a humanist writer. The research on nostalgia writing in George OrwelPs novels is helpful for furthering and widening George Or-well research in a comprehensive and objective way, which in turn, helps to grasp his pulse of conscience as an intellectual and humanist.