2006-2014年驻马店地区农业源大气氨排放量变化

Agricultural ammonia emissions and source in Zhumadian area during 2006-2014

为了研究河南省驻马店地区2006-2014年农业源氨排放量变化,以《河南统计年鉴》为依据,参考国内外文献资料确定不同农业源氨排放因子及农业源活动水平,估算农业源氨排放量。结果显示,驻马店地区农业源氨排放量年平均为138.088 kt,其中畜禽氨排放量最多,年平均氨排放量为97.105 kt,占农业源氨总排放量的68.67%。猪、牛、家禽是驻马店地区畜禽氨排放的主要贡献源,平均每年猪粪便氨挥发量为38.054 kt,占畜禽养殖氨排放总量的39.19%;氮肥施用年平均氨排放量为27.878 kt,占农业源氨总排放量的19.76%;农作物秸秆燃烧氨排放量仅占驻马店地区农业源氨排放量的7.75%,但秸秆焚烧时间较为集中,在短时间内氨排放浓度迅速增加,使大气中二次颗粒物迅速增加,空气污染更加严重。

In order to study the change of ammonia emission from agricultural sources in Zhumadian area during2006-2014,the different ammonia emission factors were found from different agricultural sources and the activity of agricultural source levels according to the ＂ Henan Statistical Yearbook ＂ and the domestic and foreign literature. The results showed that the average amount of ammonia emission from agricultural sources a year in Zhumadian area was 138. 088 kt.NH3 emissions from livestock and poultry breeding was the most,and annual average ammonia emission was 97. 105 kt,which accounted for 68. 67% of the total NH3 emissions from agricultural sources. Pig,cattle and poultry were the main source of ammonia emission from livestock in Zhumadian. Average annual volatilization from pig manure was 38. 054 kt,which accounted for 39.19% of the total ammonia emission from livestock and poultry breeding. The average annual NH3 emission of nitrogen fertilizer was 27. 878 kt,which accounted for 19. 76% of the total NH3 emissions from agricultural sources. Ammonia emission from crop straw was only 7.75% of the agricultural sources in Zhumadian area. But the time of straw burning was relatively concentrated and the concentration of ammonia emissions rapidly increased in a short period of time. And the multiplying of two particulate matter in the atmosphere made the air pollution more serious.