以“看”为例谈动词控制度与宾语语形的共变关系

The Covariation between Control Degree of Verbs and Object FormTaking “kan（看）” As An Example

动词“看”作为高频词,自身的词义变异非常丰富,其不同义项的动词控制度对宾语结构形式的影响差异显著.通过分析发现动词控制度与宾语语形之间存在共变关系,控制度越强,则动词与宾语的语形联系越紧密;反之,则越松散,控制度由强到弱的变化表现为从词汇化到语法化的连续统.这种共变关系可由句法表现、语义虚化和主观化倾向三方面相互印证.

The verb ＂kan（看）＂ as high-frequency words and its variation of the lexical meaning is very rich,the impact of the dif ferent senses of the verb control degree on object structures significant. Through the analysis found that covariant relationship exists between the control degree of verbs and the object form, control degree isstronger,the verbs contact with the objects more closely, degree of control from strong to weak changes as from lexicalization to grammaticalization. The covariant relationship between the control degree of verbs and the object form could be confirmed by syntactic structure and semantic empty and subjective tendency.