精英修证与平民教化的殊途同归——王阳明致良知与王凤仪化性论比较

All Roads Lead to Rome: Elite Cultivation vs. Civilian Moralization Based on Comparisons between Wang Yangming's Intuitive Knowledge and Wang Fengyi's Theory of Human Nature Change

王阳明的致良知与王凤仪的化性论是儒家思想在不同历史时期的发展和创新,二者都以《大学》"修齐治平"思想为理论基础,以恢复天性良知为根本目的,以为善去恶为修证方法;但二者又有区别,致良知重视对心性隠微的审查,在修证方法上侧重由"体"到"用",适合社会精英的修证;化性论以家庭伦理道德为行为规范,由伦理实践入手,从"用"到"体",是儒家思想在三教合一潮流中的大胆尝试,适合底层平民的教化。二者具有殊途同归的效果。

The development of Wang Yangming＇s theory of the intuitive knowledge as well as Wang Fengyi＇s theory of human nature change is the innovation of Confucian thought in different historical periods. They take the theory of The Great learning that uthe cultivation of one＇s moral character,the management of family affairs and the state rules” as a theoretical basis so as to restore the nature of conscience for the fundamental purpose. Being good against evil is the revised method; however, the two have differences. The intuitive knowledge focu-ses on the micro examination of mind, particularly emphasizing on the upper card from “body” to “use”,which is good for the social elite to cultivate themselves, while the theory of human nature change attaches importance to the family ethics moral behavior, starting from the ethical practice, from “use” to “body”,which is a bold attempt for Confucianism in the trend of combination of the three religions, which is suitable for the grassroots moralization. Therefore, the two bear the same effect.