化学驱开发现状与前景展望

Chemical flooding development status and prospect

化学驱是一种深度改变储层油、水、岩石矿物相互作用机制和高强度驱替的提高采收率技术,是中、高渗油藏大幅度提高采收率的重要手段,对油田开发的可持续发展具有重要意义。通过回顾化学驱技术的发展历程,分析了化学驱主要机理(乳化、润湿性改变等)的研究进展,总结了化学驱配方、注入方案、注采工艺技术、地面工程标准化等成果。通过分析化学驱适用条件、经济可行性及对环境影响等因素,提出了化学驱未来向无碱、高效、绿色体系发展的新趋势。化学驱应对低油价的主要策略应以"二三结合"、高效化学剂工业化生产体系、地面工程标准化及实用化等为主要手段,才能确保化学驱技术在低油价时成为更加高效、低成本、绿色环保的新型大幅度提高采收率技术。

Chemical flooding is an enhanced oil recovery technology which can achieve high-intensity oil displacement and deeply change the reservoir oil-water-rock interaction mechanism.It is an important way to greatly enhance oil recovery in the moderate-high-permeability reservoirs,and has a great significance to the sustainable development of oilfields.This paper reviewed the development of chemical flooding technology,investigated the research progress of the main chemical flooding mechanism including emulsification,wettability alteration,and summarized the chemical flooding formulation,injection scheme,injection and production technology,surface construction standardization and other results.Through analyzing the applicable conditions,economic feasibility and environmental impact of chemical flooding,this study proposed a new trend of chemical flooding towards no alkali,high efficiency and green system.The main strategies of chemical flooding against low oil price should take secondary and tertiary combination,high-efficiency chemical production system,surface construction standardization and functionization as the main means,and thus can ensure chemical flooding becomes a more efficient,low-cost and new green enhanced oil recovery technology under the condition of low oil price.