汽化处理琥珀的宝石学特征

Gemmological Characteristic of Hydrothermally Treated Amber

对半透明-半蜜蜡状金绞蜜、透明金珀在压炉中进行汽化处理实验,对比处理前后样品的宝石学特征,总结出汽化处理琥珀("水煮蜜")的主要鉴别特征:(1)经汽化处理的琥珀原料可在其天然风化皮内再生一层厚度不等且颜色为黄白色或黄绿色的"水煮皮",同时原料表面局部会出现大小不等的气孔及黑色、黄白色结痂状皮壳;(2)汽化处理琥珀("水煮蜜")成品表面可残留白色的圆形"水煮斑";(3)汽化处理琥珀("水煮蜜")的气液二相包裹体丰富,气泡多呈细小扁平状,且流纹模糊、不流畅;(4)扫描电子显微镜观察经汽化处理琥珀("水煮蜜"),发现其气泡分布密集,大小不均,并伴有微小应力纹。对于汽化处理琥珀("水煮蜜")的鉴别应寻找综合证据,其中"水煮皮""水煮斑"和细小扁平状气泡群具有重要意义。

This paper presents gemmological study on hydrothermal treatment of ambers in pressure furnace. Conclusions are following as： （1 ） Hydrothermally treated amber raw ma-terials have a new yellow-white or yellow-green layer under the natural weathering skin; lo-cally, various holes and newly-grown black or yellow-white scabby crust appeared; （2 ） Hy- drothermally treated ambers have the white round “cooked scar” on the surface; （3） Hydro-thermally treated ambers have abundant gas-liquid inclusions with small and flate bubbles forming cloud-like effect; （4 ） The scanning electron microscope result showed that there are dense bubbles of various sizes accompanied by s tress fractures hydrothermally treated am-bers. This study emphased the identification of hydrothermally treated ambers requaire mul-tiple evidences, including the key scabby crust and evaporation spot.