对我国民办幼儿园教师权益保障政策的反思——基于国家及地方政策文本的分析

Policy Reflection on Safeguarding the Lawful Rights and Interests of the Non-government Kindergarten Teachers——Based on the Analysis of the National and Local Policy Text

幼儿园教师队伍及其素质是教育质量的决定性因素,然而数量庞大的民办幼儿园教师队伍面临着相关身份与待遇保障不明、培养培训严重不足、整体素质不高、流动频繁等问题,因此从法的层面保障民办幼儿园教师的权益势在必行。由于种种现实和制度的影响,各地政府在保障民办幼儿园教师权益的执行上出现了不少阻碍,表现为立法主体层级偏低影响执行时的法律效力、立法质量不高制约执行时的可操作性和公平性、条文规定模糊甚至虚无直接影响执行力度。因此,建议以法之名,高位保障民办幼儿园教师的权益:提高立法主体的层级,充分发挥教育法的效力;坚持地方立法的独立性,保证条文规定的可操作性;突出保障民办园教师权益的明晰度,兼顾条文规定的细化性。

Kindergarten teachers＇ quality is the determining factor of educational quality. However, huge numbers of non-government kindergarten teachers are facing series of problems, such as undefined identity and treatment,lack of training,low quality and so on,so it is imperative to safeguard the rights and interests of the non-government kindergarten teachers. Because of the restraints of reality and system, local governments have many obstacles in the protection of the rights and interests of the non-government kindergarten teachers which mainly reflect on the following aspects ： firstly,lower level of legislative body influences the enforcement of laws ; secondly, poor quality of legislative restricts maneuverability and fairness; and finally, provisions are vague even nothingness which directly influence the enforcement. Under such circumstance,this article gives the following suggestions： to safeguard non-government kindergarten teachers＇ rights and interests from higher-level of laws; to rise level of legislative body to exert the legal effect; to insist on independent legislation of local governments in order to improve the operation of provision; to ensure the provisions of non-government kindergarten teachers＇ rights and interests which are accurate and detailed.