把系统性治理带回来——对社区多元参与治理模式的反思与深化

Bringing System Governance back in:Rethinking the Multiple Participation Model of Community Governance

多元参与治理已经成为当前社区治理学术研究和政策主张的主导性模式。但通过对其理论基础的简要分析,以及对现代社会理论中关于社会整合与系统整合区分的借用,发现该模式存在遗漏社区生活中的市场因素、忽视系统性治理的倾向。对某开发区居住区的社区治理设计案例的分析和阐释表明,借助系统性治理在治理主体和治理手段上的复合性,在治理过程上的多线索、多步骤等特征,社区治理中的市场因素和国家因素可以相互结合、相互强化,从而丰富多元参与治理的层次,提升治理效能。为达此效果,应处理好两种治理之间的关系:系统性治理相对社会性治理在理论上具有优先性;系统性治理设计中应有意识融入社会性因素,反之亦然。

Multiple participation has become the mainstream framework of community governance study. With the analysis of the theoretical foundation of the multiple participation framework, and enlightened by the distinction between social integration and system integration made by modern social theory, however, the paper argues that the framework confines itself to social governance and ignores system governance. It is demonstrated by case study that system governance has a priority to social governance in the policy-design of community governance. To take good use of the advantage of the trait of community governance, it is important to integrate social governance factors when system governance is needed, and vice versa.