大湄公河水资源“安全化”的形成及影响

The Formation and Influence of the Securitization on Water Resource of Great Mekong River

随着水资源的日益紧张和中国的不断崛起,湄公河流域下游国家在利用大湄公河水资源的过程中,通过社会化和政治化两个步骤,逐渐把水资源"安全化"了,水资源进而由公共问题转变为安全问题。水资源的"安全化"让大湄公河的水资源合作更加举步维艰;使域外大国不断介入到次区域的合作中,为遏制中国的发展提供了借口;严重影响了中国的周边形象。为了让下游国家去"安全化",我们应该在制度上围绕水资源构建相应的合作机制,在行动上积极反对域外大国介入本地区合作,在开发中坚持经济效益和生态效益的结合。这样才能使水资源真正回归到社会性问题的范畴中来,才能解决沿岸各国在水资源开发中出现的分歧。

With growing shortage of water resource and the rise of China, countries downstream the Mekong River has made water resource an issue of security from a public problem through politicalizing and socializing it. And this process has led to a trap where water resource cooperation in the region meets more and more interference of outside powers, who take water security as an excuse to hamper China＇ s development and influence its reputation in the neighborhood. To change this situation, a relevant cooperation mechanism shall be established, active measures be taken to oppose external interference in regional cooperation, and economic benefits and ecological be well balanced in development. Thus, water problem can change back to a social problem and water resource development disputes among countries along the river can be well handled.