离子稀土矿区地表扰动温度分异效应分析——以岭北矿区为例

Effects Analysis of Land Disturbance on Surface Temperature in Ion Rare Earths Mine: A Case in Lingbei Mining Area

以赣州市岭北矿区2000年、2004年、2009年、2014年的Landsat系列遥感数据为数据源,采用辐射传导方程法对矿区地表进行温度反演,分析稀土开采对矿区温度的分异扰动效应。结果表明,在2000年至2009年间,由于矿点快速扩张,导致超高温区、高温区和较高温区面积由2000年的13.9 km2增加至35.86 km2;在2009年至2014年,由于原地浸矿工艺的普及和矿区生态复垦的实施,矿区高温区与超高温区面积减少了7.16 km2,变为28.7 km2,矿区的矿点面积与矿区地表高温区域具有明显的正相关关系;矿区高温区和超高温区区域范围与矿点区域范围在空间位置上高度吻合,高温区随着超高温区的扩大而扩大,且高温区的分布以超高温区为中心,超高温区对高温区起到辐射增长的作用。

Based on the Landsat remote sensing data of the Ridge North rare earth mining area of Ganzhou in 2000,2004,20009 and 2014,the surface temperature in the mining area was calculated with radiation conduction equation theory and used to analyze the temperature differentiation disturbance effect of the rare earth mining. The results show that the ultra high temperature area,high temperature area and slightly- high- temperature area of Ridge North mining area increased from13. 9km2 to 35. 86km2 between 2000 to 2009 owing to fast expansion of the occurrences. In 2009 to 2014,because of the popularization of in- situ leaching process and implementation of ecological reclamation in the mining aera,the ultra high temperature area and high temperature area reduced to 28. 7km2. The results also exhibit that the occurrences area of mine has positive correlation with surface high temperature. The high temperature area and the ultra high temperature area of the mine are coincident with the mineral occurrence area in spatial position. The high temperature area expands with the extending of the ultra high temperature area,high temperature area is distributed around the ultra high temperature area,and the ultra high temperature area contributes to the radiant expansion of the high temperature area.