石家庄地区儿童血清25羟VD水平的季节和年龄变化

CHARACTERISTICS OF SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D IN CHILDREN BY SEASON AND AGE

目的了解儿童血清25羟维生素D(25羟VD)水平的年龄及季节变化特点,为更好实施VD(VD)缺乏症防治方案奠定基础。方法石家庄市夏季和冬季健康小儿692例,(男423,女269;夏季395;冬季297)年龄范围0.1~14岁,分为婴儿组、幼儿组,学龄前期,学龄期和青春期5个组。依采血月份,将对象分属夏季(6、7、8月)和冬季(12、1、2月)。采集空腹静脉血,酶联免疫法测定25羟VD。结果 (1)男女孩血清25羟VD水平无统计学差异。(2)婴儿期、幼儿期及学龄前期血清25羟VD夏季均高于冬季,差异有统计学意义;学龄期和青春期血清25羟VD夏季和冬季接近,差异无统计学意义。(3)夏、冬季,均为幼儿期血清25羟VD最高,婴儿期次之,学龄前期呈现下降趋势;学龄期血清25羟VD较学龄前期继续降低,青春期血清25羟VD达到最低。4、婴儿期、幼儿期、学龄前期、学龄期和青春期夏季血清25羟VD≥50nmol/L比例分别为86%、90%、79%、42%和14%;冬季婴儿期、幼儿期、学龄前期、学龄期和青春期血清25羟VD≥50nmol/L比例分别为66%、76%、45%、39%和17%。结论夏季婴儿期、幼儿期、学龄前期具有良好VD营养状况。夏季各年龄段小儿,尤其是学龄期和青春期,晒太阳(户外活动)少时,需要补充VD;在冬季,不但婴儿期和幼儿期需要补充VD,学龄前期、学龄期和青春期也需补充VD。

Objective To characterize serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D （25（OH）D） in children by season and age for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency.Methods Healthy children came for health examination in summer of 2011 and in summer and winter of 2012. A total of 395 serum samples were collected in summer and 297 in winter, in which boys were 423 and girls were 269, aged serum from 0.1 to 14 years. All subjects were divided into 5 groups identified as infants, toddlers, pre-school ages, school ages and adolescences. Based on the months of the examination, the subjects were grouped as summer group （June, July and August） and winter group （December, January and February）. Fasting venous bloods were collected and serum 25（OH）D was determined by ELISA.Results （1） There was no difference in serum 25（OH）D between boys and girls. （2） The serum 25（OH）D levels of infants, toddlers and pre-school ages in summer were significantly higher than those in winter. There was no difference in serum 25（OH）D between pre-school ages and adolescences in summer and winter. （3） Regardless of summer or winter, the highest level of 25（OH）D occurred in toddlers, and followed by infants. Serum 25（OH）D level decreased along with increased age. The lowest levels of 25（OH）D was in adolescences. （4） In summer, the proportion of serum 25（OH）D levels≥50 nmol/L in infants, toddlers, pre-school ages, school ages and adolescences were 86%, 90%, 79%, 42% and 14%, respectively. In winter, the proportion were 66%,76%,45%,39% and 17% , respectively.Conclusion In summer,the vitamin D status is good in infants, toddlers and pre-school ages. All children should take the supplement of vitamin D in summer when the exposure of sun shine （outdoors） is limited, especially in school age and adolesences. In winter, the supplement of vitamin D should be taken not only in infants, toddlers and pre-school ages, but also in school ages and adolescences.