粘性均质土坝漫顶溃决抢护措施

Relief measures for overtopping breaching of viscous homogeneous earth dam

通过分析粘性均质土坝漫顶溃决的原因及其发展机理,对利用直升机投放堵口材料封堵决口这一方案进行探讨,提出了适用于粘性均质土坝漫顶溃决的关键性抢护措施,抢护措施主要有对决口堤头进行裹头处理、直升机投放材料保护跌坎和封堵决口及决口闭气。抢护措施可以提高封堵决口效率、延缓决口发展、为疏散人员和物资财产的迅速转移赢得时间。

Through analyzing the causes and developing mechanism of overtopping breaching of viscous homogeneous earth dam and discussing the scheme of using helicopter to drop plugging material,we put forward some specific measures to relieve the risk of overtopping breaching of viscous homogeneous earth dam. The relief measures mainly include head wrapping processing of the reached dyke,and dropping plugging material with helicopter to protect against plugging bursting or gas bursting. These relief measures can improve the efficiency of plugging crevasse,delaying the development of crevasse,and saving time for person evacuation and property transport.