3种不同染色方法对抗酸染色的影响

The Effects of Three Different Staining Methods on Acid-fast Staining

目的评价3种不同染色方法对检出抗酸杆菌的影响。方法收集2012-2015年存档的结核和麻风病例60例,分别采用不同的染色方法进行抗酸染色:第1种方法为传统的Ziehl-Neelsen染色法;第2种方法是将脱蜡液由二甲苯改为松节油和汽油的混合液,且染色后不脱水,不透明,直接烘干、盖片;第3种方法是在第2种方法的基础上使用了添加表面活性剂Triton-100的染液。比较3种不同染色方法的染色效果及抗酸杆菌的检出率。结果 3种方法的检出率分别为第1种方法20%、第2种方法31.7%、第3种方法41.7%,其中第3种方法与另外2种方法比较差别均具有统计学意义(P1vs3<0.001,P2vs3=0.031)。结论添加表面活性剂Triton-100的染液,染色效果及抗酸杆菌的检出率明显升高,具有较高临床应用价值。

Objective To evaluate the effects of three different stainingmethods on the detection of acid-fast bacilli. Methods We reviewed 60 cases of tuberculosis and leprosy archived from 2012to2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Three different staining methods were used for acid-fast staining. Method One：the traditional Ziehl-Neelsen staining method. Method Two：Instead of the original dewaxing liquid xylene,mixture of turpentine oil and gasoline was used andthe specimen underwent directly drying and glass covering after dying without dehydration and transparency.Method Three：In addition to what were in the Method Two,surfactant Triton-100 was used. The dyeing effects of the three different staining methods and the detection rates of acid-fast bacilli were compared accordingly. Results The detection rates with Method One,Method Two,and Method Three were20%,31.7% and 41.7%respectively. The differences shown in the pairwise comparisons with the three methods were statisticallysignificant（P1 vs 30.001,P2 vs 3=0.031）. Conclusion The group with the addition of surfactant triton-100 dye produced a higher dyeing effect and detection rate of acid-fast bacilli than those of the other two groups. The third staining method tested provides higher value on clinical application.