杜预左传学“例”说

Research on Explanatory Notes of Du Yu's Zuo Zhuan Study

对于《左传》"例"的研究构成了杜预左传学中的重要内容。杜预在《春秋左传集解》和《春秋释例》中提出了"三体五例"及"五十凡皆周公旧法"的说法,在经学史上产生了巨大影响,使得《左传》的地位一跃超过今文经公羊、穀梁学派。从经学发展的角度看,杜预定"例"的学术实践源自古文经学的治学传统,其《春秋释例》显示了他对前代学术成果的继承;从西晋的政治现实出发,提高左传学的地位不但抬升了古文学派影响力,更满足了司马氏的政治需要,杜预运用其学说保证了司马氏政权的合法性并维护了其稳定,实现了经世致用的目的。

The study of explanatory notes of Zuo Zhuan is an essential part of Du Yu＇ s Zuo Zhuan study. Du Yu proposed ＂three Ti＇s and five Li＇ s＂ and the statement that ＂Fifty explanatory notes were originated by Zhou Gong＂ in Notes of Zuo Zhuan and Notes on Chun Qiu, two books of importance in the history of the study of Confu- cian classics, under the influences of Du Yu＇ s studies, Zuo Zhuan was conferred a higher position than Gongyang and Guliang schools of Confucian classics study in Han period. From the perspective of the development of Confucian classics study, Du Yu＇ s explanatory annotation was based on the practice of studying pre-Qin Confucian classics. His Notes on Chun Qiu typified his inheritance of previous academic achievements. From the perspective of political reality in Xi Jin dynasty, the promotion of Zuo Zhuan study not only enhanced the influence of the study of pre-Qin classics, but also meets the political objectives of Si Ma＇ s. Du Yu＇s theories were put into practice to fa- cilitate consolidating the legitimacy and stability of Si Ma＇ s political power.