阴道分娩产后出血的影响因素和预防措施探讨

Influencing Factors and Preventive Measures of Postpartum Hemorrhage After Vaginal Delivery

目的探讨导致阴道分娩产后出血的影响因素。方法以阴道分娩产后出血60例产妇作为研究对象(观察组),并与同期按照1∶1比例选择的阴道分娩无产后出血的正常产妇(对照组)的临床资料进行对比,对年龄、产前检查、临产前体质量指数(IBM)、心理反应、流产次数、妊娠高血压疾病(妊高症)、产程、新生儿体重等进行统计,分析影响阴道分娩产后出血相关因素,并进一步探讨相关应对措施。结果观察组未进行定期产前检查40.00%、有不良心理反应33.33%、流产次数(1.98±0.40)次、妊高症15.00%、产程(15.12±2.24)h、新生儿体重(3.79±0.23)kg高于对照组的15.00%、16.67%、(0.87±0.26)次、1.67%、(11.78±1.87)h、(3.32±0.19)kg(P<0.05),为产后出血危险因素。结论导致阴道分娩产后出血因素复杂,应针对上述相关因素通过加强计划生育宣传、进行产前检查、心理指导、产程干预以减少产后出血的发生。

Objective To investigate the factors leading to vaginal delivery postpartum hemorrhage and preventive measures. Methods 60 cases of maternal postpartum hemorrhage were chosen as the research object（observation group）, vaginal delivery and with the same period in accordance with the proportion of 1：1 choose the normal maternal postpartum hemorrhage（control group）. The clinical data were compared to age, prenatal examination, birth body mass index（IBM）, psychological reaction, abortion and pregnancy induced hypertension（PIH）, birth weight and birth process, statistics, analysis of factors related to postpartum hemorrhage, and to further explore the related measures. Results Theobservation group no regular antenatal examination 40.00% had adverse psychological reactions 33.33%, the number of abortions（1.98±0.40） times, pregnancy induced hypertension15.00%, labor（15.12±2.24） h, neonatal birth weight（3.79±0.23） kg higher than the control group 15.00%, 16.67%,（0.87±0.26） times, 1.67%,（11.78±1.87）h,（3.32±0.19） kg（P〈0.05）, for the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion The factors of postpartum hemorrhage caused by vaginal delivery are complex, so we should strengthen the family planning promotion, prenatal examination, psychological guidance and labor intervention to reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage.