不同密闭式吸痰方式在机械通气患者吸痰中的效果观察

Observation on the Effect of Different Closed Sputum Suction Methods in Patients With Mechanical Ventilation

目的研究不同密闭式吸痰方式在机械通气患者吸痰中的效果。方法选择2015年1月2016年2月我院RICU收治的行机械通气治疗的56例患者作为研究对象,按其入院时间的先后顺序随机分为两组,标记为对照组和观察组。对照组28例患者采用密闭式吸痰方式进行吸痰,观察组28例患者采用半密闭式吸痰方式进行吸痰,比较两组患者吸痰效果。结果对照组患者吸痰后较吸痰前SPO2改善（P〈0.05）,观察组患者吸痰后SPO2较吸痰前改善（P〈0.05）,但观察组患者吸痰后SPO2改善程度优于对照组（P〈0.05）。在治疗1周中观察组患者吸痰次数平均为（5.7±1.4）次/d,少于对照组的（8.2±1.6）次/d;吸痰量（3.1±0.3）ml/d,多于对照组的（2.4±0.2）ml/d,吸痰间隔时间（2.40±0.25）h,长于对照组的（1.60±0.33）h。两组患者每日吸痰次数,吸痰量及间隔时间方面比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者在肺部感染、气道损伤及痰痂阻塞发生率方面比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论密闭式和半密闭式吸痰方式均可改善患者的SPO2,提高患者的吸痰效果,但半密闭式吸痰方式效果更佳。

Objective To study the different ways of sputum suction closed in patients with mechanical ventilation in the sputum suction effect. Methods 56 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation from January 2015 to February 2016 in our RICU were chosen as the research object, according to the time of admission order were randomly divided into two groups, marked as the control group and observation group. 28 cases in the control group were treated by closed suction phlegm sputum suction in the form of group 28 cases were treated by half closed suction phlegm in the form of sputum suction compare two groups of patients with sputum suction effect. Results Compared with the control group of patients after sputum suction of sputum aspiration before SPO2 improved（P〈0.05）. The patients in the observation group after suctioning sputum suction before SPO2 was improved（P〈0.05）, but the patients in the observation group after suctioning SPO2 improvement than the control group（P〈0.05）. In 1 weeks of treatment in the observation group were sputum times average（5.7±1.4） times /d, less than that in the control group（8.2±1.6） times/d, sputum volume（3.1±0.3） ml/d, more than the control group（2.4±0.2） ml/d, sputum suction time interval（2.40±0.25） h and the longer than the control group（1.60±0.33） h. There was significant difference between the 0.05 groups in the number of sputum aspiration, the amount of sputum suction and the interval time between the two groups（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of pulmonary infection, airway injury and sputum scab obstruction（P〉0.05）. Conclusion Closed and semi closed sputum suction method can improve the patient’s SPO2, improve the patient’s sputum suction effect, but the effect of semi closed sputum suction method is better.