五种蔬菜对扶桑绵粉蚧生长发育参数的影响

Population growth parameters of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley reared on five different vegetables

[目的]探讨不同蔬菜对扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley生长发育和繁殖的影响。[方法]在温度(25±1)℃、RH60%±5%、光照L:D=14:10的条件下,观察扶桑绵粉蚧实验种群在茄科的马铃薯、旋花科的紫薯、葫芦科的黄瓜、菊科的生菜、十字花科的甘蓝这5种蔬菜上的生长发育特性和繁殖能力,组建实验种群生命表。[结果]在供试的5种蔬菜中,扶桑绵粉蚧在马铃薯上的发育历期最短、存活率最高,而在黄瓜上的发育历期最长、存活率最低。雌成虫寿命以生菜上的最高,而雄成虫则以马铃薯上的最高。在5种蔬菜上扶桑绵粉蚧种群的内禀增长率(r_m)高低顺序为马铃薯>紫薯>生菜>甘蓝>黄瓜。[结论]不同蔬菜对扶桑绵粉蚧的生长发育参数有明显影响。5种蔬菜中,马铃薯最适合扶桑绵粉蚧的生长发育和繁殖。

[Objectives] To determine the effect of different vegetable host plants on the growth, development, and reproduction, of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley （Hemiptera： Pseudococcidae）. [Methods] Cotton mealybugs were fed on either potato, Solarium tuberosum （Tubiflorae： Solanaceae）, purple sweet potato lpomoea batatas, （Tubiflorae： Convolvulaceae）, cucumber, Cucumis sativus Linn. （Cucurbitales： Cucurbitaceae）, lettuce, Lactuca sativa （Asterales： Asteraceae） and cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. （Brassicales： Brassicaceae）, in a laboratory at （25~1）~C, 60%~5% r.h. and 14 hours daily artificial light. The developmental duration and fecundity of mealybugs fed on each different vegetable were measured and used to calculate life tables. [Results] The shortest developmental generation duration, and the highest average survival rate, was observed on potato, and the longest developmental duration and lowest survival rate was on cucumber. The highest female longevity was observed on lettuce, and the highest male longevity was on potato. The intrinsic rate of natural increase （rm） on different vegetable hosts was, from high to low, potato, solanum tuberdsm, lettuce, cabbage and cucumber. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that different vegetables had a significant effect on population growth parameters ofP solenopsis, and that potato was the most suitable of the five vegetables tested for the growth and reproduction of this species.