火麻仁不同提取物对实验性Alzheimer's症小鼠的治疗作用

The effect of different extractants from Hemp seed in mice with experimental Alzheimer's disease

目的:观察不同溶剂制备的火麻仁提取物对Alzheimer's症的治疗作用。方法:采用D-半乳糖联合亚硝酸钠腹腔注射小鼠,诱发实验性Alzheimer's症模型,并分别采用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水四种不同溶剂制备的火麻仁提取物进行灌胃治疗。治疗结束后,采用Morris水迷宫实验考察动物学习记忆能力的变化;同时测定动物脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(Ach E)的活性变化以及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化;采用Western blot法检测小鼠脑中Aβ蛋白的累积程度。结果:服用12 g生药/kg的火麻仁石油醚提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物和水提取物均可不同程度地缩短水迷宫实验中小鼠的逃避潜伏期,增强空间探索能力,乙酸乙酯提取物还显著增加小鼠在平台象限的探索时间。在脑组织中,火麻仁四个不同极性提取物均能显著升高动物CAT活性和SOD活性,但只有石油醚提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物显著减少MDA水平,同时显著降低Ach E活性。并且火麻仁石油醚提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物及水提取物能显著减少脑组织Aβ1-40蛋白的积累。结论:火麻仁不同极性提取物对实验性Alzheimer's症动物的学习记忆能力及脑组织病理性变化有显著的改善效果,尤其以乙酸乙酯提取物的治疗作用更为突出。

Objective： To investigate the effect of Hemp seed extractants that prepared by different solvents in experimental alzheimer＇s disease model mice. Methods： Experimental alzheimer＇s disease was induced by D-galactose and sodium nitrite co-injection intraperitonealiy in mice. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous extratants of hemp seed were distilled by different polar solvent, and intragastric administrated to mice, respectively. At the end of treatment, morris water maze test （MWM） was employed to investigate the changes of learning and memory ability, while the activity of SOD, CAT, AchE as well as MDA content in brain were detected. In addition, brain amyloid β protein was determined via western blot method. Results： In MWM test, mice escape latency was shorten after petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and aqueous extractants administration at 12 g crude drug/kg, while the exploration time in the platform quadrant was also significant- ly increased after ethyl acetate extractant treatment. Brain CAT and SOD activities were significantly raised by all of extractants. However, MDA content as well as Ache activity were significantly decreased only by petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extractants administration at 12 g crude drug/kg. In addition, brain amyloid β protein were significantly decreased after petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and aqueous extractants treatment. Conclusion ： Our observation suggested that hemp seed extractants conspicuously alleviated learning and memory ability as well as improved brain tissue pathological changes in experimental dementia mice. The ethyl acetate extractant demonstrates a more prominent learn- ing and memory abihty improving effect than other extractants.