秦简中的“弟子”与“复子”

“Dizi” and “Fuzi” in Bamboo Slips of Qin Dynasty

睡虎地秦简中有《除弟子律》,学界关于"弟子"这一特殊身份群体研究的材料多集中于《睡虎地秦墓竹简》。近来上海辞书出版社出版的《岳麓书院藏秦简(四)》中"弟子"一词多次出现,为秦简中"弟子"的研究提供了新材料。秦简中"弟子"这一群体比普通民众的地位稍高,虽然不服兵役,但他们又不是被完全免役的,他们是官府的基层吏员需要"服公事"。《岳麓书院藏秦简(四)》中"弟子"每次均与"复子"并列出现,两者身份应具有相似性。

The bamboo slips of Qin Dynasty unearthed in Shuihudi include Decrees concerning Eliminating Dizi （disciples）. The research materials of the group with the special identity ＂dizi＂ have largely come out of Bamboo Slips Unearthed from Qin Tombs in Shuihudi. In recently years, the word ＂dizi＂ has appeared many times in Bamboo Slips of Qin Dynasty Collected in Yuelu Academy published by Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House. And this has provided new materials for the study of ＂dizi＂ in Qin Bamboo slips. The group ＂dizi＂ in Qin Bamboo slips were higher than the common people in status. Though they did not serve in the army, they were not completely free from some service. They were the grass--root officials of government and had to serve for the ＂public＂. The word ＂dizi＂ appears together with ＂fuzi＂ every time in Bamboo Slips of Qin Dynasty Collected in Yuelu Academy, so they two should had the similar identities.