论赵翼的戏曲观——以《瓯北集》为中心的考察

On Zhao Yi's Drama Theory

赵翼是清代乾嘉时期著名的诗人、史学家,他一度热衷观剧,是个十足的戏迷。赵翼中年时激流勇退,致仕归里,以著述自娱,在观剧听曲之余,创作了不少咏剧诗。他同情优伶,在诗歌中热情赞美他们的高超技艺,但晚年时却主动地与戏曲保持一种冷静审慎的态度。这一态度变化,既与赵翼笃守儒家训诫、立身严谨有关,也缘于戏曲在当时社会地位低下,从中也反映出乾嘉学者们对戏曲既爱又怕的矛盾心态。

Zhao Yi was a famous poet and historian during the reign of Emperors Qianlong and Jiaqing in the Qing dynasty. He was keen on drama and became a theatergoer. Zhao Yi enjoyed writing after his retirement in the middle age. In his plentiful poems about drama, he showed sympathy with the actors, giving high praise to their acting skills When he was old, he took a calm and prudent attitude to drama. His Confucian belief and the contradictory mind of love-fear to drama among most scholars then may attribute to the change of attitude towards the art