精神分裂症患者家庭社会支持情况对自我效能感及预后的影响

The influence of family and social support on self-efficacy and prognosis of schizophrenia patients

目的探讨精神分裂症患者家庭社会支持情况对患者自我效能感及预后的影响。方法选取2010年1月至2013年3月在我院接受住院治疗的147例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,所有患者均经8周治疗病情缓解后出院。出院时采取社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、家庭关怀度指数问卷(APGAR)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对患者的社会支持情况、家庭支持情况、自我效能感进行评估。对所有患者随访3年,统计患者的复发情况。分别分析SSRS、APGAR与GSES和复发之间的关系。结果自我效能高水平组患者的APGAR得分、SSRS评分均明显高于中等水平与低水平(P<0.01),自我效能中等水平组患者的APGAR得分、SSRS评分均明显高于低水平组(P<0.01);未复发组患者的APGAR得分、SSRS评分均明显高于复发组(P<0.01);APGAR得分、SSRS量表评分均与GSES评分存在显著正相关(r=0.57,0.56;P<0.01,P<0.01)。结论给予精神分裂症患者有效的家庭支持与社会支持有助于提高患者的自我效能感,改善患者预后,减少复发。

Objective To explore the influence of family and social support on self-efficacy and prognosis of pa- tients with schizophrenia. Methods 147 patients with schizophrenia treated in our hospital from January 2010 to March 2013 were selected as the study subjects. All the patients were cured and discharged from hospital after 8 weeks of treat- ment. Social support rating scale （ SSRS ）, family care index questionnaire （ APGAR ） and general self-efficacy scale （GSES） were taken to assess the social support, family support and self-efficacy of patients when discharging. Mean- while, all the patients were followed up for 3 years to record the recurrence and analyze the relationship among APGAR, GSES, SSRS and recurrence. Results APGAR scores, SSRS scores of patients in the high self-efficacy group were significantly higher than those in the average level and low level group （P 〈 0.01 ）, while the scores of APGAR and SSRS in the middle level group were significantly higher than those in the low level group （P〈0.01）; the scores of APGAR and SSRS scale in the patients without recurrence were significantly higher than those in the recurrence group （P 〈 0.01 ）; there were significantly positive correlation between the scores of APGAR questionnaire, SSRS scale and the GSES scale score （r=0.57, 0.56; P〈0.01, P〈0.01 ） . Conclusion Effective family support and social support for patients with schizophrenia is helpful to improve the self-efficacy, the prognosis and reduce the recurrence.